Tokenized assets, more commonly known as digital securities or security tokens, have become increasingly popular as a means of raising capital and providing investment opportunities. They are digital representations of real-world assets, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and commodities, that are recorded on a blockchain. The tokenization process allows for the creation of fractional ownership, increased liquidity, and the ability to trade assets on a global scale.

In the United Arab Emirates (“UAE”), the regulatory landscape for tokenized assets is evolving at a rapid pace. Navigating this landscape can be a challenge for businesses looking to issue or invest in tokenized assets. The UAE government and financial authorities took a proactive approach to the development of the tokenized assets market. In this article, we will focus on the best practices and emerging trends for tokenized assets in the UAE, including the current regulatory framework and considerations for businesses looking to issue or invest in tokenized assets.

Regulatory Framework for Tokenized Assets in the UAE

The regulatory framework for tokenized assets in the UAE is governed by the Emirates Securities and Commodities Authority (“ESCA”), which is responsible for regulating and supervising securities and commodities markets in the UAE. Tokenization of real estate is becoming increasingly popular, with the creation of tokenized real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and other investment vehicles.

The SCA has issued several regulatory guidance documents for tokenized assets, including guidance on the classification of tokenized assets as securities, the issuance of security tokens, and the regulation of security token exchanges.

Under the current regulatory framework, security tokens are classified as securities, and the issuance and trading of security tokens are subject to the same regulations as other securities. This includes licensing requirements, anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing (“AML/CTF”) measures, and investor protection measures.

Tokenization of Real Estate in the UAE

The tokenization of real estate in the UAE is becoming increasingly popular, with the creation of tokenized real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and other investment vehicles. The regulation of tokenized real estate in the UAE is governed by the SCA, which has issued guidance on the classification of tokenized real estate as securities and the regulation of real estate tokenization.

Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) in the UAE

The UAE Central Bank is exploring the potential benefits and risks of central bank digital currencies (“CBDCs”) and is actively developing a regulatory framework for CBDCs in the UAE. In July 2021, the UAE Central Bank announced its intention to launch a digital version of the UAE dirham, this will be the first digital currency issued by a central bank in the Middle East. To date, this is still in the exploration phase.

Know Your Customer (“ KYC”) and Anti-Money Laundering Requirements

KYC and AML requirements have been put in place to prevent illegal activities, such as money laundering and terrorist financing, and to protect investors. Businesses issuing or trading in tokenized assets must comply with these requirements by verifying the identity of their customers and monitoring their transactions for suspicious activity.

In some jurisdictions, for example the European Union, KYC and AML requirements are mandatory for all financial institutions, including those issuing or trading in tokenized assets.

Data Privacy and Protection

Data privacy and protection are becoming increasingly important in the digital age. Businesses issuing or trading in tokenized assets must comply with data protection laws, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), to ensure the privacy and security of personal data.

This may include implementing appropriate technical and organisational measures to protect data, such as encryption and secure storage, and ensuring that data is only processed for specific and lawful purposes.

Conclusion

The UAE is taking a proactive approach to the development of the tokenized assets market, with the Securities and Commodities Authority issuing regulatory guidance and the Central Bank exploring the potential benefits of central bank digital currencies. Businesses looking to issue or invest in tokenized assets in the UAE must be aware of the current regulatory framework and ensure they are compliant with all applicable laws and regulations.

By remaining up to date with the latest developments in the regulatory landscape and working with legal and compliance experts, businesses can ensure the success of their tokenized asset offerings and provide the best investment opportunities for their customers based in the UAE.

It is important to note the laws and regulations governing tokenized assets changes frequently, and it is recommended to consult with a legal consultant for up-to-date information on tokenized asset laws in the UAE.

Author: Abdulla Ziad Galadari (Senior Partner)