THE LEGAL 500 UNITED KINGDOM SUBMISSION PROCESS
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Guidelines
UK regions outside London
Law firms in London
Frequently asked questions
Referees explained
Practice area definitions
Practice areas
EAST ANGLIA PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Cambridge
- Corporate and commercial: elsewhere in East Anglia
- Corporate and commercial: Norwich
- Corporate tax
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation: Cambridge
- Commercial litigation: elsewhere in East Anglia
- Commercial litigation: Norwich
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: claimant
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Cambridge
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: elsewhere in East Anglia
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Norwich
- Public sector
- Public sector
- Real estate
- Commercial property: Cambridge
- Commercial property: elsewhere in East Anglia
- Commercial property: Norwich
- Construction
- Planning and environment
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Biotechnology
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media, entertainment and sport
- Transport
- Transport and shipping
EAST MIDLANDS PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: elsewhere in the East Midlands
- Corporate and commercial: Nottingham and Derby
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation: elsewhere in the East Midlands
- Commercial litigation: Nottingham and Derby
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Immigration
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: claimant
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Public sector
- Public sector
- Real estate
- Commercial property: elsewhere in the East Midlands
- Commercial property: Nottingham and Derby
- Construction
- Planning and environment
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Sport
NORTH PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Newcastle
- Corporate and commercial: elsewhere in the North
- Corporate tax
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation: elsewhere in the North
- Commercial litigation: Newcastle
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: claimant
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Public sector
- Education
- Health
- Real estate
- Commercial property: elsewhere in the North
- Commercial property: Newcastle
- Construction
- Planning and environment
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media and entertainment
NORTH WEST PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: elsewhere in the North West
- Corporate and commercial: Liverpool
- Corporate and commercial: Manchester
- Corporate tax
- EU and competition
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Banking litigation
- Commercial litigation: elsewhere in the North West
- Commercial litigation: Liverpool
- Commercial litigation: Manchester
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Employment: employee/union firms
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claiman
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Public sector
- Education
- Health
- Local government
- Real estate
- Commercial property: elsewhere in the North West
- Commercial property: Liverpool
- Commercial property: Manchester
- Construction
- Planning and environment
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media and entertainment
- Sport
- Transport
NORTHERN IRELAND PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and M&A
- Dispute resolution
- Dispute resolution
- Employment
- Employment
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: claimant
- Personal injury and clinical negligence: defendant
- Private client
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Real estate
- Commercial property
- Construction
- Planning and environment
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
OFFSHORE PRACTICE AREAS
- Guernsey
- Banking and finance
- Capital markets
- Commercial property
- Corporate and M&A
- Dispute resolution
- Employment
- Insurance
- Investment funds
- Private client, trusts and tax
- Isle of Man
- Banking, finance and capital markets
- Commercial property
- Corporate and commercial
- Dispute resolution
- Employment
- Gambling
- Insurance and pensions
- Private client, trusts and tax
- Shipping and aviation
- Jersey
- Banking and finance
- Capital markets
- Commercial property
- Corporate and commercial
- Dispute resolution
- Dispute resolution: regulatory and white-collar crime
- Employment
- Family
- Investment funds
- Private client, trusts and tax
SCOTLAND PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Edinburgh and Glasgow
- Corporate and commercial: elsewhere in Scotland
- Corporate tax
- EU and competition
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- Crime: fraud
- Crime: general
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Investment funds
- Insurance
- Medical negligence: defender
- Medical negligence: pursuer
- Personal injury: defender
- Personal injury: pursuer
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and executries
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy (excluding oil and gas)
- Oil and gas
- Projects
- Public sector
- Education
- Health
- Local government
- Parliamentary and public affairs
- Real estate
- Commercial property: elsewhere in Scotland
- Commercial property: Edinburgh and Glasgow
- Construction
- Environment
- Planning
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media and entertainment
- Sport
- Transport
SOUTH EAST PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Beds, Bucks, Herts, Middx
- Corporate and commercial: Essex
- Corporate and commercial: Hampshire
- Corporate and commercial: Kent, Surrey, Sussex
- Corporate and commercial: Thames Valley, Berks, Oxon, M4/M40
- Corporate tax
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation: Beds, Bucks, Herts, Middx
- Commercial litigation: Essex
- Commercial litigation: Hampshire
- Commercial litigation: Kent, Surrey, Sussex
- Commercial litigation: Thames Valley, Berks, Oxon, M4/M40
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment: Beds, Bucks, Herts, Middx
- Employment: Essex
- Employment: Hampshire
- Employment: Kent, Surrey, Sussex
- Employment: Thames Valley, Berks, Oxon, M4/M40
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claimant
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family: Beds, Bucks, Herts, Middx
- Family: Essex
- Family: Hampshire
- Family: Kent, Surrey, Sussex
- Family: Thames Valley, Berks, Oxon, M4/M40
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Beds, Bucks, Herts, Middx
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Essex
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Hampshire
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Kent, Surrey, Sussex
- Personal tax, trusts and probate: Thames Valley, Berks, Oxon, M4/M40
- Public sector
- Public sector
- Real estate
- Commercial property: Beds, Bucks, Herts, Middx
- Commercial property: Essex
- Commercial property: Hampshire
- Commercial property: Kent, Surrey, Sussex
- Commercial property: Thames Valley, Berks, Oxon, M4/M40
- Construction
- Environment and planning
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media and entertainment
- Sport
- Transport
- Shipping
SOUTH WEST PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Bristol
- Corporate and commercial: Dorset, Devon and Cornwall
- Corporate and commercial: Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire
- Corporate tax
- EU and competition
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud – COMBINED
- Licensing
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation: Bristol
- Commercial litigation: Dorset, Devon and Cornwall
- Commercial litigation: Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment: Bristol
- Employment: Dorset, Devon and Cornwall
- Employment: Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claimant
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Public sector
- Education
- Health
- Local government
- Real estate
- Commercial property: Bristol
- Commercial property: Dorset, Devon and Cornwall
- Commercial property: Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire
- Construction
- Environment
- Planning
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media and entertainment
- Sport
- Transport
- Shipping
WALES PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Dispute resolution
- Commercial litigation
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claimant
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Public sector
- Public sector
- Real estate
- Commercial property
- Construction
- Planning and environment
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Media and entertainment
- Sport
WEST MIDLANDS PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Birmingham
- Corporate and commercial: elsewhere in the West Midlands
- Corporate tax
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- Civil fraud
- General crime and fraud
- Dispute resolution
- Banking litigation
- Commercial litigation: Birmingham
- Commercial litigation: elsewhere in the West Midlands
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment
- Health and safety
- Immigration
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claimant
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family: Birmingham
- Family: elsewhere in the West Midlands
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Public sector
- Education
- Health
- Local government
- Real estate
- Commercial property: Birmingham
- Commercial property: elsewhere in the West Midlands
- Construction
- Environment
- Planning
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
-
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
-
- Transport
YORKSHIRE AND THE HUMBER PRACTICE AREAS
- Corporate and commercial
- Corporate and commercial: Hull and East Yorkshire
- Corporate and commercial: Leeds, West Yorkshire, North Yorkshire
- Corporate and commercial: Sheffield, South Yorkshire
- Corporate tax
- EU and competition
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- General crime and fraud
- Dispute resolution
- Banking litigation
- Commercial litigation: Hull and East Yorkshire
- Commercial litigation: Leeds and West Yorkshire; North Yorkshire
- Commercial litigation: Sheffield, South Yorkshire
- Debt recovery
- Employment
- Employment: Hull and East Yorkshire
- Employment: Leeds and West Yorkshire; North Yorkshire
- Employment: Sheffield and South Yorkshire
- Health and safety
- Pensions
- Finance
- Banking and finance
- Insolvency and corporate recovery
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claimant
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Family: Leeds and West Yorkshire; North Yorkshire
- Family: Elsewhere in Yorkshire
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Energy and projects
- Public sector
- Education
- Health
- Local government
- Real estate
- Commercial property: Hull and East Yorkshire
- Commercial property: Leeds and West Yorkshire; North Yorkshire
- Commercial property: Sheffield, South Yorkshire
- Construction
- Environment
- Planning
- Property litigation
- Social housing
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Intellectual property
- IT and telecoms
- Sport
- Transport
LONDON PRACTICE AREAS
-
- Corporate and commercial
- Commercial contracts
- Corporate tax
- Customs and excise
- Equity capital markets – small-mid cap
- Equity capital markets – mid-large cap
- EU and competition
- EU and competition: trade, WTO anti-dumping and customs
- Financial services: contentious
- Financial services: non-contentious/regulatory
- International business reorganisations
- M&A: Smaller Deals, £10m-£100m – BANDING CHANGE
- M&A: Lower Mid-Market Deals, £100m-£750m – BANDING CHANGE
- M&A: Upper Mid-Market And Premium Deals, £750m+ – BANDING CHANGE
- Partnership
- Private equity: transactions – high-value deals (£500m+)
- Private equity: transactions – mid-market deals (up to £500m)
- VAT and indirect tax
- Venture capital
- Crime, fraud and licensing
- Crime: general
- Fraud: civil
- Fraud: white-collar crime (advice to individuals)
- Gaming and betting
- Licensing
- Private prosecutions
- Dispute resolution
- Banking litigation: investment and retail
- Commercial litigation: mid-market
- Commercial litigation: premium
- Commodities disputes
- Competition litigation
- Costs lawyers
- Debt recovery
- Group litigation (claimant)
- International arbitration
- Mediators
- Professional discipline
- Public international law
- Tax litigation and investigations
- Employment
- Employee share schemes
- Employees/unions
- Employers
- Health and safety
- Immigration: business
- Immigration: human rights
- Immigration: personal
- Pensions: non-contentious
- Pensions: dispute resolution
- Senior executives
- Finance
- Acquisition finance
- Asset based lending
- Bank lending: investment grade debt and syndicated loans
- Corporate restructuring and insolvency
- Debt capital markets
- Derivatives and structured products
- High yield
- Islamic finance
- Securitisation
- Trade finance
- Transport finance and leasing
- Industry focus
- Emerging markets
- Hospitality and leisure
- Life sciences and healthcare
- Retail and consumer
- TMT
- Insurance
- Clinical negligence: claimant
- Clinical negligence: defendant
- Insurance and reinsurance litigation
- Insurance litigation: for policyholders
- Insurance: corporate and regulatory
- Personal injury: claimant
- Personal injury: defendant
- Product liability: claimant
- Product liability: defendant
- Professional negligence
- Investment fund formation and management
- Fund finance
- Hedge funds
- Listed funds
- Private funds
- Real estate funds
- Retail funds
- Irish firms in London
- Offshore firms in London
- Private client
- Agriculture and estates
- Art and cultural property
- Charities and not-for-profit
- Contentious trusts and probate
- Court of protection
- Family
- Family: mediation
- Personal tax, trusts and probate
- Projects, energy and natural resources
- Infrastructure: M&A and acquisition finance
- Infrastructure: Project finance and development
- Mining and minerals
- Oil and gas
- Power (including electricity, nuclear and)
- Renewables
- Water
- Public sector
-
- Administrative and public law
- Civil liberties and human rights
- Education: individuals
- Education: institutions
- Education: schools
- Electoral
- Healthcare
- Infrastructure (parliamentary)
- Local government
-
- Real estate
- Commercial property: corporate occupiers
- Commercial property: development
- Commercial property: investment
- Construction: contentious
- Construction: non-contentious
- Environment
- Planning
- Property finance
- Property litigation
- Residential property
- Social housing: finance
- Social housing: local authorities and registered providers
- Social housing: tenant
- Risk advisory
- Corporate governance
- Data protection, privacy and cybersecurity
- ESG
- Regulatory investigations and corporate crime (advice to corporates)
- TMT (technology, media and telecoms)
- Artificial intelligence
- Fintech: corporate and commercial
- Fintech: regulatory
- Franchising
- Intellectual property: patents (contentious and non-contentious)
- Intellectual property: trade marks, copyright and design
- IT and telecoms
- Media: Advertising & marketing
- Media: Digital content & social
- Media: Film & TV
- Media: Media finance
- Media: Music
- Media: Theatre, publishing and other media
- Media: Video games
- PATMA: Patent attorneys
- PATMA: Trade mark attorneys
- Reputation management
- Sport
- Transport
- Aviation
- Rail
- Shipping
- Travel: personal injury
- Travel: regulatory and commercial
- Corporate and commercial